本來想在 512 行內寫完，但天不從人願，花了近 900 行。
編寫時沒遇上「許功蓋」，但在 VC9 上遭遇了三合字 (trigraph)，
虛耗半天才 debug 出來，順便規避掉在 g++ 可能碰著的 digraph。
在設計遊戲時，首先要讓它以穩定的速度進行，
也就是讓 FPS 盡量維持在一定範圍，
在這段時間內，進行畫面更新和玩家輸入處理。
最簡單的計時器架構是：
bool bGameOver; //是否結束遊戲 DWORD curr; //目前的時間點 int frequence = 50; //更新率 curr = timeGetTime(); while (!bGameOver) if (timeGetTime() - curr > 1000/frequence) { update(); //畫面更新 key_control(); //玩家輸入處理 curr = timeGetTime(); }接著是秀圖，由於各平台的繪圖 API 不盡相同，
我們會把秀圖功能統一包裝在一個函式中，
然後在其中呼叫系統相關的繪圖函式，如 2D 方面有：
xlib、Glib、libXt、BGI、OpenGL、DirectX、GDI、
GDI+、Motif、LessTif、Qt/KDE、GTK+/Gnome.. 等。
圖會先畫在一塊 buffer 上，再根據玩家螢幕解析度進行縮放。
程式中使用 StretchDIBits 達成此目的。
處理輸入有許多方法，皆為 platform dependent，
如 Win32 上有 kbhit + getch，GetAsyncKeyState、或 DirectInput。
因為 Battle City 一次要分析的按鍵不多，
這裡便使用 GetAsyncKeyState 來讀取按鍵狀態。
好啦！閒話不多說，快把遊戲編出來玩吧 :-)
若是用 Dev C++ 編譯，要在 [專案選項> 參數> 連結器] 內
設定 -lwinmm、-lGDI32，並將 vsprintf_s 改成 vsprintf。
遊戲說明： 20 關，每回 25 隻敵人，不含音效資料，不含雪地地形， 吃越多星星能力越高，最後能在河面行走。 可雙人操作，按 Esc 退出遊戲。 P1 按 S、W、D、A 控制方向，H 發射子彈， P2 按方向鍵控制方向，Num0 發射子彈。
//坦克大戰雛形，daviddr, 2009, 7 天寫完。 #pragma comment (lib,"WINMM.LIB") #undef UNICODE #include <windows.h> #include <mmsystem.h> #include <stdio.h> #include <time.h> #define TankWar(o) m##o##n(){int daviddr(907);}\ using namespace ImageSet;struct extern"C" WINBASEAPI HWND WINAPI GetConsoleWindow(); enum {UP=0, RIGHT, DOWN, LEFT}; namespace Bonus { enum {LIFE, CLOCK, SHOVEL, BOMB, STAR, HELMET}; }; struct Image //影像物件 { int w, h, *data; int& operator[] (int i) {return data[i];} void create (int W, int H) {w=W; h=H; data = new int[w*h];} void free () {delete[] data; data=0;} void draw (const Image& in, int sx, int sy, int dir=UP) { #define DRAW \ if (0x8F8F8E^in.data[j]) data[i] = in.data[j]; int i, j=0, x, y; int W = in.w, H=in.h, sz = W*H, int dw = w-W; int beg = sy*w+sx if (0==dir) for (i=beg; j<sz; i+=dw) for (x=0; x<W; ++x, ++i, ++j) {DRAW} else if (1==dir) for (i=beg, x=0; x<W; i+=dw, ++x) for (y=H-1; y>=0; --y, ++i) {j=y*W+x; DRAW} else if (2==dir) for (i=beg, y=H-1; y>=0; i+=dw, --y) for (x=0; x<W; ++x, ++i) {j=y*W+x; DRAW} else for (i=beg, x=0; x<W; i+=dw, ++x) for (y=0; y<H; ++y, ++i) {j=y*W+x; DRAW} } void draw2 (const Image& in, int sx, int sy, int c) { int i, j=0, x, sz = in.h*in.w, dw=w-in.w; for (i=sy*w+sx; j<sz; i+=dw) for (x=0; x<in.w; ++x, ++i) if (in.data[j++]^0xC0C0C0) data[i] = c; } }; namespace ImageSet { enum {NUL=-1, BRICK, CONCRETE, TREE, RIVER, ROAD, HAWK, STONE, STAR, SHIELD=STAR+4, SHIELD2, PLAYER, ENEMY=PLAYER+8, EXPLODE=ENEMY+6, EXPLODE2, BONUS, BULLET=BONUS+6, PLAYER2, RENEMY=PLAYER2+8, YENEMY=RENEMY+6, GENEMY=YENEMY+2, HOLE=54}; const int N_OBJ = 36+8+6+4+1; //物件數目 int palette[N_OBJ]; Image obj[N_OBJ]; char obj_pal[][4] = { //物件色盤索引 {1,2,3},{3,4,5},{6,7,8,9},{10,11},{10,11},{1,0,3}, //5 {2,0,3},{9,12},{9,12},{9,12},{9,12},{9,12},{9,12}, //12 {9,13,14,15},{0},{0},{0},{0},{0},{0},{0},{9,16,4,17}, //21 {0},{0},{0},{0},{0},{9,18,19,20},{21,9,22,12},{9,16,4,12}, {0},{0},{0},{0},{0},{9,4},{9,6,23,24},{9,25,21,17} }; char* hex_pal[] = { "202020", //色盤總表 "990000","CC6600","868686","C0C0C0","E3E3E3","006600", //6 "008000","CCFF00","8F8F8E","0066FF","00FFFF","F1F1F1", //12 "A06000","FFA040","FFC080","003366","DDDDDD","800000", //18 "FF0000","FFFFFF","FF3300","800080","00AB47","B8F8D8","990099" }; 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void set_image (char pal[4], char* code, Image& img, int w, int h) { img.create (w,h); int i,j,n; char c, *end = code + strlen (code); for (i=0; i<w*h && code < end; ++code) { c = *code; c = (c=='*'?'?':c=='+'?'\\':c)-'0'; j = pal [c>>4]; //顏色索引值 (0~3) n = (c&15) + 1; //重複次數 (1~16) while (n--) img[i++] = palette [j]; } } void init_obj () { int i, n = sizeof hex_pal/ sizeof*hex_pal; for (i=0; i<n; ++i) //設定調色盤 sscanf (hex_pal[i], "%x", palette+i); i=0; #define SET_IMG(p,i,o,w,h) \ set_image (obj_pal[p], hex_img[i], obj[o], w, h); for (;i <= ROAD; ++i) SET_IMG (i,i,i, 8, 8); for (;i <= SHIELD2; ++i) SET_IMG (i,i,i, 16, 16); for (;i <= EXPLODE-1;++i)SET_IMG (i<21?PLAYER:ENEMY,i,i, 14,14); for (;i <= EXPLODE; ++i) SET_IMG (i,i,i, 14, 14); for (;i <= EXPLODE2;++i) SET_IMG (i,i,i, 32, 32); for (;i <= BULLET-1;++i) SET_IMG (BONUS,i,i, 15, 14); SET_IMG (i,i,i, 4, 4); for (i=0; i<8; ++i) SET_IMG (36, i+PLAYER,i+PLAYER2,14, 14); for (i=0; i<6; ++i) SET_IMG (37, i+ENEMY, i+RENEMY, 14, 14); for (i=0; i<2; ++i) SET_IMG (13, i+ENEMY+4, i+YENEMY, 14, 14); for (i=0; i<2; ++i) SET_IMG (36, i+ENEMY+4, i+GENEMY, 14, 14); obj[HOLE].create (4, 4); memset (obj[HOLE].data, 0x22, 4*4*4); } void release_obj () {for (int i=N_OBJ; i--;) obj[i].free();} }; int TankWar(ai) Sprite //單元物件 { int id; //影像類型,可索引物件邊界 int x, y, dir, step; //位置, 移動方向, 步距 int type, life; //元素類型, 生命值 int maxMoveDelay, nMoveDelay; //移動延遲, 移動計數 bool bActive; //是否在活動中 bool move (int dir_) //傳回「是否移動了」 { //時間到才移動 if (nMoveDelay-- > 0) return false; nMoveDelay = maxMoveDelay; dir = dir_; if (dir == UP ) y -= step; else if (dir == DOWN ) y += step; else if (dir == LEFT ) x -= step; else if (dir == RIGHT) x += step; return true; } bool bCollide (const Sprite& o) //碰撞判定 { int x2 = x + obj[id].w; int y2 = y + obj[id].h; int X2 = o.x + obj[o.id].w; int Y2 = o.y + obj[o.id].h; return !(x2 < o.x || x > X2 || y2 < o.y || y > Y2); } void set (int ID, int X, int Y, int DIR, int STP, int LF, int MD=0, int TYPE=0, bool ACT=true) { id=ID; x=X; y=Y; dir=DIR; step=STP; life=LF; type=TYPE; nMoveDelay = maxMoveDelay = MD; bActive = ACT; } Sprite() :bActive (false) {} }; struct Map { enum {W=13, H=13, W4=W*4, H4=H*4}; enum {MAX_EXPLODE = 64}; Sprite explode [MAX_EXPLODE]; //爆破物件 int nMaxExplode; int cid; //撞到什麼東西 char space[W4][H4]; //記錄子區塊的元素類型 int mapX, mapY; //地圖在canvas中的起始座標 Image canvas; //back buffer Image bg; //背景畫面 bool bStone; //堡壘是否被破壞 bool bRiver1; //河流動畫 bool bProtected; //基地是否被水泥保護 int riverChangeTime; int nRiverChangeTime; int protectTime; //基地被水泥保護的剩餘秒數 Map(): riverChangeTime(10), protectTime(0), nRiverChangeTime(0), nMaxExplode(0) {mapX = 16; mapY = 18;} void set_space_2x2 (int x, int y, int o) { space [y][x ] = space [y+1][x ] = space [y][x+1] = space [y+1][x+1] = o; } void draw_hawk (bool bStone_=false) { bStone = bStone_; set_space_2x2 (7*4-2, 13*4-2, HAWK); //建主堡 bg.draw (obj[bStone?STONE:HAWK], 6*16, 12*16); } void setProtect (bool bProtect) //設定基地是否被水泥保護 { static struct {int x,y;} p[] = {11,23,12,23,13,23,14,23,11,24,11,25,14,24,14,25}; for (int o = bProtect? CONCRETE: BRICK, i=0; i<8; i++) { bg.draw (obj[o], p[i].x*8, p[i].y*8); set_space_2x2 (p[i].x*2, p[i].y*2, o); } if (bProtected = bProtect) protectTime = 360; } bool bPass (Sprite& o) //測試物件是否發生碰撞 { cid = ROAD; int x = o.x, W = obj[o.id].w; int y = o.y, H = obj[o.id].h; if (x<0 || y<0 || x>=bg.w-W || y>=bg.h-H) { cid = HOLE; return false; } int i,j,c, w = x+W-1, h = y+H-1; x/=4; y/=4; w/=4; h/=4; for (i=y; i<=h; ++i) for (j=x; j<=w; ++j) { c = space[i][j]; if (c!= TREE && c!= ROAD) { if (o.type > 15 && c==RIVER) continue; cid = c; return false; } } return true; } void draw_canvas (const Sprite& s) { canvas.draw (obj[s.id], mapX+s.x, mapY+s.y, s.dir); } void draw_river() { for (int o,x,y=0; y<H4; y+=2) for (x=0; x<W4; x+=2) if((o = space[y][x])==RIVER) canvas.draw (obj[o+bRiver1], mapX+x*4, mapY+y*4); } void update() { if (protectTime > 0) { if (protectTime-- == 1) setProtect (false); } if (nRiverChangeTime++ > riverChangeTime) { nRiverChangeTime = 0; //更新河流狀態 bRiver1 = !bRiver1; } for (int o,x,y=0; y<H4; y+=2) for (x=0; x<W4; x+=2) //重繪樹 if ((o = space[y][x]) == TREE) canvas.draw (obj[o], mapX+x*4, mapY+y*4); draw_explodes(); //畫出爆破物 } void addExplode (int id, int x, int y) { int i, j; for (i=0; i<MAX_EXPLODE; ++i) if (!explode[i].bActive) { //根據爆炸模式設定時間 explode[i].set (id, x, y,0,0, id==EXPLODE? 4:12); if (i > nMaxExplode) nMaxExplode = i; break; } for (j=nMaxExplode; !explode[j].bActive && j>i; --j); nMaxExplode = j; //調整欲顯示的最大編號 } void draw_explodes () { Sprite *e; for (int i=0; i<= nMaxExplode; ++i) if (explode[i].bActive) { e = explode + i; //是否播放完畢 if (--e->life == 0) e->bActive = false; else if (EXPLODE == e->id || //延遲大爆炸的播放 (EXPLODE2 == e->id && e->life < 8)) draw_canvas (explode[i]); } } }; const int MAX_LEVEL = 20; //內定關卡數 const int MAX_TANK = 27; //坦克集合的大小 struct Tank; Tank *tanks = 0; //指向坦克集合 Map* map = 0; //指向遊戲地圖 struct Depot //彈藥庫 { int MAX_BULLET; //最大彈藥數 int nLimit; //限制可存取的總彈藥量 Sprite *b, *bullet; //庫藏彈藥 int getBullet () //從庫中取出 1 顆子彈 { //若失敗, 傳回 -1 for (int i=0; i<MAX_BULLET; ++i) //若成功, 傳回子彈id if (bullet[i].bActive == false) {bullet[i].bActive = true; return i;} return -1; } void processBullets () //顯示所有作用中的子彈 { for (int i=0; i<nLimit; i++) if ((b=bullet+i)->bActive) { map->draw_canvas (*b); //畫出子彈 hitObject (*b); //是否撞到其他物件 } } bool hitObject (Sprite& b) { bool hit = false; int x,y, dx,dy, c, sx,sy, ex,ey; int bx= b.x-6, by= b.y-6; //(bx,by)= 邊界盒左上角 int bW = map->bg.w, bH = map->bg.h; b.move (b.dir); switch (b.dir) { case UP: case DOWN: sx=0, ex=16, sy=4, ey=12; break; case LEFT:case RIGHT: sx=4, ex=12, sy=0, ey=16; break; } for (dy=sy; dy<ey; dy+=4) //檢測子彈邊界盒 4 邊角 for (dx=sx; dx<ex; dx+=4) { x = bx + dx; y = by + dy; //是否出界? if (x<0 || y<0 || x>=bW-2 || y>=bH-2) { hit = true; b.life = 1; continue; } x/=4; y/=4; //對應到space單位去索引 c = map->space[y][x]; if (b.type==c || c==BRICK && b.type==CONCRETE) { map->space[y][x] = ROAD; map->bg.draw (obj[HOLE], x*4, y*4); } if (c==BRICK || c==CONCRETE) hit = true; else if (c==HAWK) { //若打到堡壘 map->draw_hawk (true); //便將它化成廢墟 map->addExplode (EXPLODE2, 11*8, 23*8); hit = true; } } //若打中東西 if (hit) checkExplode (b); //便損耗子彈壽命 return hit; } void checkExplode (Sprite& b) { if (--b.life <= 0) { b.bActive = false; map->addExplode (EXPLODE, b.x-6, b.y-6); } } void setup (int nBullet, int nLimit_) { nLimit = nLimit_; bullet = new Sprite [MAX_BULLET = nBullet]; for (int i=0; i<MAX_BULLET; ++i) bullet[i].bActive = false; } ~Depot () {delete[] bullet;} }; struct Tank: Sprite { bool bMov2; //捲輪子 int cid; //撞到什麼東西 int frame; int bonus; //攜帶道具 int nAtkDelay, maxAtkDelay; //攻擊時間間隔 float nBegin, nFlick, nShield; //各種特效的剩餘播放時間 Depot *depot; //彈藥庫指標 void setBonus() { int i = rand()%100; flick(); bonus = BONUS + (i<10?0: i<30?1: i<50?2: i<62?3: i<85?4: 5); } void fire() { if (nAtkDelay > 0) return; //時間到才做運算 nAtkDelay = maxAtkDelay; //重新啟動射擊延遲 int i = depot->getBullet(); //申請子彈 if (i == -1) return; //彈藥已無庫存 int cw = obj[id].w, bX = x, bW = 4; //子彈圖像的寬度 int ch = obj[id].h, bY = y, bH = 4; //子彈圖像的高度 switch (dir) { //將子彈放在砲口方向 case UP: bX += (cw-bW)/2; bY -= bH; break; case LEFT: bX -= bW; bY += (ch-bH)/2; break; case DOWN: bX += (cw-bW)/2; bY += ch; break; case RIGHT: bX += cw; bY += (ch-bH)/2; break; } int speed = 1, b_life = 1; int b_type = type>2? CONCRETE: BRICK; switch (type) { //在坦克物件中的 case 0: speed = 3; break; //type 意指子彈類型 case 1: speed = 4; break; case 2: speed = 5; break; case 3: speed = 5; break; case 4: speed = 5; b_life = 2; break; case 5: case 6: speed = 5; b_life = 3; break; case 7: case 8: speed = 5; b_life = 4; break; case 9: case 10:speed = 6; b_life = 5; break; case 11:case 12:speed = 7; b_life = 5; break; case 13:case 14:speed = 7; b_life = 6; break; case 15:case 16:speed = 7; b_life = 7; break; case 17:case 18:speed = 7; b_life = 8; break; } depot->bullet[i].set //設定子彈資訊 (BULLET, bX, bY, dir, speed, b_life, 0, b_type, true); } void move (int dir_) { cid = ROAD; if (nBegin > 0) return; int ox=x, oy=y, odir = dir; //保存移動前的位置 ++frame %= 4; if (0 == frame) bMov2 = !bMov2; Sprite::move (dir_); if (!map->bPass (*this)) { //若和地圖元素發生碰撞 if (dir != odir) { //若方向有變 int dx = x%16, dy = y%16; //調整位置使之與元素相貼 x = (x/16)*16 + (dx<6? 1: dx<13? 9: 17); y = (y/16)*16 + (dy<6? 1: dy<13? 9: 17); if (!map->bPass (*this)) x = ox, y = oy, cid = map->cid; }else x = ox, y = oy, cid = map->cid; } Sprite s; s.id=ENEMY; //重疊移動用的暫時物件 for (int i=0; i<MAX_TANK; ++i) //是否和其他坦克發生碰撞 if (this != &tanks[i] && tanks[i].bActive && tanks[i].nBegin <=0 && bCollide (tanks[i])) { s.x = ox; s.y = oy; //檢驗移動前是否已碰撞 if (!tanks[i].bCollide(s)) //若非一開始便位置重疊 x = ox, y = oy, //便進行碰撞處理 cid = i>1? ENEMY: PLAYER; } } void autoMove() { move (rand()%180==0? rand()%4: dir); if (cid != ROAD) { if ((cid == BRICK || cid == PLAYER) && rand()%3 > 0) fire(); else dir = rand()%4; } else if (rand()%15 == 0) fire(); } void draw () //根據狀態描繪外貌 { if (nAtkDelay > 0) nAtkDelay--; int mx = x + map->mapX; int my = y + map->mapY; Image* c = &map->canvas; if (nBegin > 0) c->draw (obj[STAR + int(nBegin-=.7f) %4], mx, my); else { if (nFlick > 0 && bMov2) { //閃紅光 nFlick--; int i = id>ENEMY+6? 4: id-ENEMY; c->draw (obj[RENEMY + i + bMov2], mx, my, dir); } else c->draw (obj[id + bMov2], mx, my, dir); if (nShield > 0) c->draw (obj[SHIELD+(int(--nShield)%4<2)],mx,my); } } void setup (Depot& depot_, int atkDelay_) { depot = &depot_; maxAtkDelay = atkDelay_; begin(); } void checkExplode() { life--; if (id == GENEMY) id = YENEMY; else if (id == YENEMY) id = ENEMY+4; if (life <= 0) { bActive = false; map->addExplode (EXPLODE2, x-8, y-8); } } void levelup() { if (type < 18) type++; if (type == 2) { int i = depot->nLimit++; depot->bullet[i].bActive = false; } int a = id-PLAYER, b = id-PLAYER2; if (0<=a && a<6 || 0<=b && b<6) id += 2; //改變外型 } void begin() {nBegin = 28;} void flick() {nFlick = 360;} void shield() {nShield = 320;} }; struct Game: Map { enum {txtW=80, txtH=14}; HBITMAP hBmp; HDC hdc, hdcMem; HFONT font; Image text; bool bOver; //是否結束遊戲 int level; //目前關卡 int life[2]; //玩家生命 int nEnemy, nActEnemy; //剩餘& 活動中 的坦克數 int enemyHoldTime; int enemyCreateTime; int maxEnemyCreateTime; Tank tank [MAX_TANK]; //坦克集合: [0,1] 為我方 Depot depot[3]; //我方2人與敵方彈藥庫 Sprite bonus; void setup_player (int i, bool bReset) { int type = bReset? 0: tank[i].type; int id = bReset? (i? PLAYER2: PLAYER): tank[i].id; if (bReset) depot[i].nLimit = 1; tank[i].set (id, (i?7:4)*16+8+1, 12*16+1, UP, 2, 1, 0, type); tank[i].setup (depot[i], 5); tank[i].shield(); } void create_enemy() { static struct {int x, y;} p[] = {0,0, 16*6,0, 16*12,0, 16*12,16*5, 0,16*5}; if (--enemyCreateTime > 0 || nEnemy < 1 || nActEnemy >= level/4+4) return; enemyCreateTime = maxEnemyCreateTime; nActEnemy++; int i = --nEnemy + 2; //t決定坦克類型 int t = rand()%(MAX_LEVEL+7)<=level?2: rand()%2; int d = t==0? 2:t==1? 3+(level>13): 1+level/6; int l = nEnemy% (level<15? 3: 5); //出現位置 int id = t<2? ENEMY+ t*2: GENEMY; tank[i].set (id, p[l].x+1, p[l].y+1, rand()%4, d, (t==2?3:1), 1); //d = 移動速度 d = (6-t) * (level>15? 4: level>10? 5: 6); //攻擊時間間隔 tank[i].setup (depot[2], d); if (rand()%100 > 66) tank[i].setBonus(); //34%機率攜帶道具 } void init (int w=W*4, int h=H*2) { srand ((UINT)time(0)); hdc = GetDC (GetConsoleWindow()); hdcMem = CreateCompatibleDC (hdc); hBmp = CreateCompatibleBitmap (hdc, txtW, txtH); font = CreateFont (10,0,0,0,FW_BOLD,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,"Courier"); SelectObject (hdcMem, GetStockObject (LTGRAY_BRUSH)); SetBkColor (hdcMem, RGB(0xC0,0xC0,0xC0)); SetTextColor (hdcMem, RGB(0,0,64)); SelectObject (hdcMem, font); //取入字型 SelectObject (hdcMem, hBmp); SetBkMode (hdc, TRANSPARENT); SMALL_RECT size = {0, 0, 79, 40}; HANDLE hOut = GetStdHandle (STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE); CONSOLE_CURSOR_INFO cur = {100, 0}; SetConsoleCursorInfo (hOut, &cur); //關閉字標 SetConsoleWindowInfo (hOut, TRUE, &size); //變更視窗大小 bg.create (w*4, h*8); //背景佔視窗的 1/4 canvas.create (w*4+mapX*2, h*8+mapY*2+12); //畫布要比背景大 memset (bg.data, 0x22, 4*bg.w*bg.h); //用以容納邊界爆破 init_obj(); //配置影像元素 text.create (txtW, txtH); //配置文字面版 map = this; //設定全域性代理者 tanks = tank; //指涉地圖與坦克集合 depot[0].setup (16, 1); //配置我方彈藥庫 depot[1].setup (16, 1); //配置我方彈藥庫 depot[2].setup (64,64); //配置敵方彈藥庫 life[0] = life[1] = 3; //初始生命值 setup_player (0, true); //初始屬性 setup_player (1, true); level = 0; new_level(); //建立地圖 } void release () //釋放資源 { release_obj(); DeleteObject (hBmp); DeleteDC (hdcMem); DeleteDC (hdc); text.free(); bg.free(); canvas.free(); } void new_level () { char c, *code = lev_data [level]; //元素索引值 j=(0~4) int x,y,n,i,j, k=0; int len = strlen (code); for (i=0; i<len; ++i) { c = ((c=code[i])=='$'?'?':c=='%'?'\\':c)-'&'; for (j = c>>4, n = (c&15)+1 ;n--; ++k) { x = k%(W*2)*2; y = k/(H*2)*2; set_space_2x2 (x, y, j); if (j<2) bg.draw (obj[j], x*4, y*4); } } draw_hawk (); setProtect (false); level++; nActEnemy = 0; maxEnemyCreateTime = 132; nEnemy = MAX_TANK - 2; setup_player (0, false); setup_player (1, false); } void check_over () { if (bStone || life[0]==0 && life[1]==0) drawText (5*16, 7*16, "Game Over", 9); else if (nActEnemy + nEnemy == 0 && level == MAX_LEVEL) drawText (5*16, 7*16, "You Win!", 9); } void check_levelup() { static int c = 0; if(++c>255) c=0; if (nActEnemy + nEnemy == 0 && level < MAX_LEVEL) { SetTextColor (hdc, RGB(255,(c+55)%256,c)); TextOut (hdc, 5*16*3+6, 7*16*3, "請按空白鍵進入下一關", 20); if (GetAsyncKeyState (VK_SPACE) >= 0) return; memset (bg.data, 0x22, 4*bg.w*bg.h); new_level(); } } void create_bonus (int id) { bonus.id = id; bonus.x = rand()%(W-1) *16; bonus.y = rand()%(H-1) *16; bonus.life = 280; } void draw_bonus() { if (bonus.life > 0) { bonus.life--; draw_canvas (bonus); } } void colisionTest() { Depot *d, *d2; Tank* t; int i,j,k,l; if (enemyHoldTime > 0) enemyHoldTime--; for (i=0; i<MAX_TANK; ++i) //畫出坦克 if ((t = tank+i)->bActive) { if (i>1 && t->nBegin<=0 && enemyHoldTime <= 0) t->autoMove(); //移動敵方坦克 t->draw(); if (t->nBegin > 0) continue; //閃爍時不做碰撞測試 for (j=0; j<3; ++j) //處理子彈和坦克的碰撞 if (t->depot != (d = &depot[j])) for (k=0; k<d->nLimit; ++k) if (d->bullet[k].bActive && t->bCollide (d->bullet[k])) { if (t->nShield > 0){//護盾狀態時吸收子彈 if (--d->bullet[k].life <= 0) d->bullet[k].bActive= false; continue; } d->checkExplode (d->bullet[k]); t->checkExplode (); if (t->life == 0 && i>1) { nActEnemy--; if (t->nFlick > 0) create_bonus(t->bonus); } } } Sprite *b, *b2; for (j=0; j<3; ++j) { //子彈碰撞處理 d = depot + j; d->processBullets (); //和景物的碰撞 for (i=0; i<d->nLimit; ++i) //和其他子彈的碰撞 for (b= d->bullet+i, k=0; k<3; ++k) if (k != j && b->bActive) for (d2= depot+k, l=0; l<d2->nLimit; ++l) { b2 = d2->bullet + l; if (b2->bActive && b->bCollide (*b2)) { if (--b->life <= 0) b->bActive = false; if (--b2->life<= 0) b2->bActive= false; } } } } void check_player() { for (int j,i=0; i<2; ++i) if (life[i] == 0) continue; else if (!tank[i].bActive) { //還有命嗎? if (--life[i] > 0) setup_player (i, true); } else if (bonus.life > 0 && tank[i].nBegin <= 0 && tank[i].bCollide (bonus)) { bonus.life = 0; switch (bonus.id - BONUS) { //若吃到特殊道具 case Bonus::LIFE: life[i]++; break; case Bonus::CLOCK: enemyHoldTime = 240; break; case Bonus::SHOVEL: setProtect (true); break; case Bonus::HELMET: tank[i].shield(); break; case Bonus::STAR: tank[i].levelup(); break; case Bonus::BOMB: for (j=2; j<MAX_TANK; ++j) if (tank[j].bActive && tank[i].nBegin < 1) tank[j].life = 1, tank[j].checkExplode(), nActEnemy--; } } } void _cdecl drawText (int x, int y, char* fmt...) { static char s[64]; static BITMAPINFO f = {{40,txtW,-txtH,1,32,0,0,0,0,0,0},{{0}}}; Rectangle (hdcMem, -1, -1, txtW+1, txtH+1); vsprintf_s (s, fmt, (char*)(&fmt+1)); TextOut (hdcMem, 0, 0, s, strlen(s)); GetDIBits (hdcMem, hBmp, 0,txtH, text.data, &f, DIB_RGB_COLORS); canvas.draw2 (text, x, y, RGB(180,80,80)); } void update () { memset (canvas.data, 0xC0, 4*canvas.w*canvas.h); drawText (16*6-8, 2, "LEVEL%2d", level); drawText (16*11, 2, " [%2d] ", nEnemy); drawText (16*1, 16*14+2, "P1:%2d ", life[0]); drawText (16*9, 16*14+2, " P2:%2d", life[1]); canvas.draw (bg, mapX, mapY); //繪出背景 draw_river(); //畫出河流 create_enemy(); colisionTest(); //移動物件並處理碰撞 check_player(); //吃東西與重生 Map::update(); //繪出前景 draw_bonus(); //繪出道具 check_over(); show (canvas, 0,0); check_levelup(); //是否進到下一關 } void show (Image& in, int x, int y) { BITMAPINFO info = {{40, in.w, -in.h, 1,32,0,0,0,0,0,0},{{0}}}; StretchDIBits (hdc, x, y, int(in.w*2.7), int(in.h*2.7), 0, 0, in.w, in.h, in.data, &info, DIB_RGB_COLORS, SRCCOPY); } void key_control() //按鍵控制 { #define PRESS(key) if (GetAsyncKeyState(key)& 0x8000) PRESS (VK_ESCAPE) bOver = true; if (bStone) return; if (tank[0].bActive) { //操控玩家1 PRESS ('S') tank[0].move (DOWN ); else PRESS ('A') tank[0].move (LEFT ); else PRESS ('D') tank[0].move (RIGHT); else PRESS ('W') tank[0].move (UP ); PRESS ('H') tank[0].fire (); } if (tank[1].bActive) { //操控玩家2 PRESS (VK_DOWN ) tank[1].move (DOWN ); else PRESS (VK_LEFT ) tank[1].move (LEFT ); else PRESS (VK_RIGHT ) tank[1].move (RIGHT); else PRESS (VK_UP ) tank[1].move (UP ); PRESS (VK_NUMPAD0) tank[1].fire (); } } Game() { init(); for (DWORD curr = timeGetTime(); !bOver;) if (timeGetTime() - curr > 20) { update(); key_control(); curr = timeGetTime(); } release (); } }_;
妳好：
回覆刪除想請問大大有關於地圖編碼的部分，因為我想新增一個遊戲的選單畫面，但是看不太懂程式裡的編碼方式，想請問一下大大是否有用其他的編碼工具或是其他的編碼方式可以提供給我研究一下，希望大大能回覆我，感激不盡><
e-mail：lai.leoboy@gmail.com
小賴你好：
回覆刪除抱歉這麼晚才回覆～
我已經很久沒碰程式囉～
也很少上自己的 Blog... (大概一年 2 次..)
所以今天才看到您的問題...
若要在選單畫面中使用地圖元素，
可在 init() 函式底部加入自己的函式。
在其中呼叫 bg.draw (obj[i], x, y);
i 是地圖元素索引編號，您可以改變 i 值來確認元素種類。
x, y 是欲畫在螢幕上的位置。
cool!
回覆刪除